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International Organizations

Here is a concise and exam-relevant summary of International Organizations—ideal for UPSC Prelims and Mains (GS2, IR):

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🌐 International Organizations – Summary

🏛️ Global Organizations

Organization	HQ	Key Function	India’s Role
United Nations (UN)	New York	Peacekeeping, development, international law	Founding member; major troop contributor
World Bank	Washington, D.C.	Loans to developing countries for development projects	India is a major borrower
IMF	Washington, D.C.	Financial stability, monetary cooperation	India is a member with voting rights
WTO	Geneva	Trade liberalization and dispute resolution	Member since 1995
WHO	Geneva	Global health coordination	India on executive board
UNESCO	Paris	Education, culture, science	India has 42 World Heritage Sites

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🌏 Regional Organizations

Organization	HQ	Focus Area	India’s Role
SAARC	Kathmandu	Regional cooperation in South Asia	Founding member; inactive since 2025
BIMSTEC	Dhaka (Secretariat)	Bay of Bengal regional cooperation	Active participant; alternative to SAARC
ASEAN	Jakarta	Economic and political integration of SE Asia	Not a member, but strategic partner
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)	Beijing	Security, regional stability in Eurasia	Member since 2025
Asian Development Bank (ADB)	Manila	Development financing in Asia-Pacific	India is a major borrower and shareholder
BRICS	Rotational (Secretariat in China)	South-South cooperation, economic development	Founding member; hosts key summits

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🌍 Other Important Organizations

Organization	HQ	Purpose
G20	Rotational	Global economic governance, includes India
FATF	Paris	Anti-money laundering; India is observer
IAEA	Vienna	Nuclear energy safety and non-proliferation
WIPO	Geneva	Intellectual property rights coordination
Interpol	Lyon	International police cooperation
OPEC	Vienna	Oil production regulation; India not a member but heavily impacted

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📌 Tips for Prelims

• Match HQ with Organization (e.g., IAEA – Vienna, WTO – Geneva)
• Identify India’s Membership & Contribution
• Focus on Latest Summits, India’s proposals, or chairmanship roles
• Know acronyms (e.g., FAO – Food & Agriculture Organization)

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📘 For Mains (GS2 – International Relations)

Discuss:

• India’s role in multilateralism
• Reforming global institutions (e.g., UNSC permanent seat demand)
• Impact of organizations on India’s foreign policy

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International Organizations